2. Closed class words include grammatical or functional words, to whose classes new words are not usually added, as conjunctions, prepositions, articles and pronouns in English.
3. Functional words are grammatical words such as the article 'the' in English, which do not express the content of objects in the world.
4. Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words and the rules for word formation.
5. The morpheme is the most basic unit of meaning.
6. Prefixes refer to morphemes (such as 'dis-' and 'un-') that occur only before other morphemes.
7. Suffixes refer to morphemes (such as '-er' and '-ish') that occur only after other morphemes.
8. Bound morphemes are morphemes (such as 'dis-' and '-ish') that cannot occur 'unattached'.
9. Free morphemes are morphemes (such as 'boy' and 'play') that can occur independently and freely.
10. Derivational morphemes refer to morphemes (such as '-ic' and '-ism') that can be conjoined to other morphemes or words to derive a new word.
11. Inflectional morphemes are morphemes (such as '-s', '-es', '-ed' and '-ing') that are bound to other morphemes or words without changing their syntactic category.
12. The minimal unit of meaning is a morpheme.
13. The infinitive marker in English is 'to'.
14. Morphological rules refer to the ways words are formed.
15. Productive morphological rules refer to the morphological rules (such as the 'un- + Adj.=not +Adj.' rule) that can be used quite freely to form new words.
II. <true or false>
1. The word 'predigestion' is composed of two morphemes.
False.
It is composed of three morphemes, pre-digest-ion.
2. 'Teach-in' is a compound word.
True.
3. Pronouns belong to closed class words.
True.
4. The word 'unacceptability' has four morphemes.
True.
5. The word 'boy' is a free morpheme.
True.
6. The morpheme '–or' in 'actor' is an inflectional morpheme.
False.
It is a derivational morpheme.
7. The –s in 'works' of 'He works hard.' is a bound morpheme.
False.
It is an inflectional morpheme.
8. The word 'unsad' is acceptable in English.
False.
It is no acceptable.
9. Compounding is a very common and frequent process for enlarging the vocabulary of the English language.
True.
10. The prefix a- in 'asexual' means 'without'.
True.
III. <explanation>
Explain the possible rules for the formation of two-word compounds.
(a) When the two words are in the same grammatical category, the compound will be in this category: noun + noun (e.g. 'landlady'); adjective + adjective (e.g. 'icy-cold')
(b) In many cases, the two words fall into different categories. Then the class of the second or final word will be the grammatical category of the compound:
noun + adjective (e.g. 'head-strong')
verb + noun (e.g. 'pickpocket')
(c) It is often the case that compounds have different stress patterns from the non-compounded word sequence, thus in 'redcoat and 'greenhouse, we find the primary stress on the first part of the compound, whereas in red coat and green house, on the noun the adjective qualifies.
(d) The meaning of a compound is not always the sum of the meanings of its parts. Compare the following pair of sentences:
(1) Kate found a red coat in her aunt's closet
(2) Kate found a Redcoat in her aunt's closet
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