| | When in April the sweet showers fall | | That pierce March's drought to the root and all | | And bathed every vein in liquor that has power | | To generate therein and sire the flower; | 5 | When Zephyr also has with his sweet breath, | | Filled again, in every holt and heath, | | The tender shoots and leaves, and the young sun | | His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run, | | And many little birds make melody | 10 | That sleep through all the night with open eye | | (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage) | | Then folk do long to go on pilgrimage, | | And palmers to go seeking out strange strands, | | To distant shrines well known in distant lands. | 15 | And specially from every shire's end | | Of England they to Canterbury went, | | The holy blessed martyr there to seek | | Who helped them when they lay so ill and weak |
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| Bifil that in that seson, on a day, | 20 | In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay | | Redy to wenden on my pilgrymage | | To Caunterbury with ful devout corage, | | At nyght was come into that hostelrye | | Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye | 25 | Of sondry folk, by aventure yfalle | | In felaweshipe, and pilgrimes were they alle, | | That toward Caunterbury wolden ryde. | | The chambres and the stables weren wyde, | | And wel we weren esed atte beste; | 30 | And shortly, whan the sonne was to reste, | | So hadde I spoken with hem everichon | | That I was of hir felaweshipe anon, | | And made forward erly for to ryse | | To take our wey, ther as I yow devyse. |
| | It happened that, in that season, on a day | 20 | In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay | | Ready to go on pilgrimage and start | | To Canterbury, full devout at heart, | | There came at nightfall to that hostelry | | Some nine and twenty in a company | 25 | Of sundry persons who had chanced to fall | | In fellowship, and pilgrims were they all | | That toward Canterbury town would ride. | | The rooms and stables spacious were and wide, | | And well we there were eased, and of the best. | 30 | And briefly, when the sun had gone to rest, | | So had I spoken with them, every one, | | That I was of their fellowship anon, | | And made agreement that we'd early rise | | To take the road, as I will to you apprise. |
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35 | But nathelees, whil I have tyme and space, | | Er that I ferther in this tale pace, | | Me thynketh it acordaunt to resoun | | To telle yow al the condicioun | | Of ech of hem, so as it semed me, | 40 | And whiche they weren, and of what degree, | | And eek in what array that they were inne; | | And at a knyght than wol I first bigynne. |
| 35 | But none the less, whilst I have time and space, | | Before yet further in this tale I pace, | | It seems to me in accord with reason | | To describe to you the state of every one | | Of each of them, as it appeared to me, | 40 | And who they were, and what was their degree, | | And even what clothes they were dressed in; | | And with a knight thus will I first begin. |
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From the opening line of the Prologue,it can be found that Chaucer's language is vivid and exact.He is a master of word-picture. His verse is among the smoothest in English. The imaginary in this opening passage is of spring's renewal and rebirth. The natural world's reawakening aliegns with the narrator's similarly'inspired'poetic sensibility.
After the long sleep of winter,people begin to stir,feeling the need to'goon on pilgrimages'or to travel to a site where one worships a saint's relics as a means of spiritual cleansing and renewal. Since winter ice and snow made traveling long distances almost impossible,the need to get up,stretch one's legs,and see the world outside the window must have been great. Pilgrimages combined spring vacations with religious purification
The landscape in this passage also clearly situates the text in English. This is not a classical landscape like Troy, nor is it an entirely fictionalized space like the cool groves and rocky cliffs of Arcadia from pastoral poetry and romances.Chaucer's landscape is also accessible to all types of people,but especially those who inhabit the countryside,since Chaucer speaks of budding flowers,growing crops and singing birds.
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